{"id":4837,"date":"2021-12-21T06:24:40","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T23:24:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.baohotoandien.com\/blog\/?p=4837"},"modified":"2023-04-18T00:56:03","modified_gmt":"2023-04-17T17:56:03","slug":"ngo-doc-thuy-ngan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baohotoandien.com\/blog\/ngo-doc-thuy-ngan\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (Hg) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 \u00e1nh b\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf, \u00e1p k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (Hg) nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t (th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng) \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. Nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o v\u00e0 gan khi\u00a0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, h\u00edt th\u1edf hay \u0103n ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n nguy hi\u1ec3m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

\"v\u1ee1<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (Hg) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c<\/strong> t\u00edch l\u0169y sinh h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 qua da, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111im\u00eatyl th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i micr\u00f4l\u00edt r\u01a1i v\u00e0o da c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh Minamata l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n. Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi mi\u1ec7ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 r\u0103ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o<\/strong> v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt b\u1ea9m sinh<\/strong> \u1edf thai nhi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o m\u00e1u, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi m\u00f4, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng truy\u1ec1n qua nhau thai \u0111\u1ebfn thai nhi v\u00e0 n\u00e3o thai nhi.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i (n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean 50 microgram\/m3) d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn run r\u1ea9y, m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch, m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb, m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 vi\u00eam l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n<\/h2>\n

T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (Hg), kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

H\u00edt ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ed1t do kh\u00f3i kim lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m: s\u1ed1t, \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh, th\u1edf kh\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c g\u1ed3m: vi\u00eam mi\u1ec7ng, l\u01a1 m\u01a1, co gi\u1eadt, n\u00f4n \u00f3i v\u00e0 vi\u00eam ru\u1ed9t. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbu \u0111i trong v\u00f2ng 1 tu\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n ph\u00f9 ph\u1ed5i c\u1ea5p, suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ea1n do h\u00edt th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n g\u00e2y vi\u00eam l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfng, run gi\u1eadt tay v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kinh. Tr\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7, hay qu\u00ean, t\u00e2m l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, k\u00e9m \u0103n, v\u1ebb bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Nu\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 pin) g\u00e2y ph\u1ecfng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c mi\u1ec7ng, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n ra m\u00e1u. Di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed \u1ed1ng th\u1eadn c\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y suy th\u1eadn, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n

\u0102n th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ea1n, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n. G\u00e2y suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n kinh, gi\u1ea3m th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c, lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn ng\u00f4n, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, run c\u01a1, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eed vong. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thai nhi c\u00f3 m\u1eb9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0103n c\u00e1 bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n g\u00e2y s\u1ea9y thai, khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt th\u1ea7n kinh, ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng chi.<\/p>\n

\"tri\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n?<\/h2>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c. Nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u1edf da b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1edfi b\u1ecf qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n, r\u1eeda da, m\u1eaft n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ngay \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ebb nu\u1ed1t Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf, ph\u1ee5 huynh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng m\u00f3c h\u1ecdng<\/strong>, g\u00e2y \u00f3i v\u00ec s\u1ebd g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u00edt s\u1eb7c, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hg \u0111\u00e3 nu\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ra ngo\u00e0i. L\u01b0u \u00fd cho tr\u1ebb \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1o b\u00f3n<\/p>\n